He wasn’t wrong. But neither was Vose, who had started quoting old-school capitalists instead of grid planners. “The sector wasn’t built by regulators,” he told a room of puzzled reporters. “It was built by people willing to try something dumb—and occasionally brilliant.”
What came next wasn’t theory.
A few miles west, on the outskirts of Claremont, the buzz of innovation wasn’t metaphorical—it was literal.
You could feel it in the cinderblock halls of an old machine shop turned techno-speakeasy. The air smelled faintly of solder. Coiled wires hung from ceiling beams. Racks of lithium battery cells hummed beside a miniature turbine spinning silently under test.
“We’re not a utility,” said Anika Shore, a former distribution engineer turned startup CEO. “We’re a service. Like FedEx. You want electrons delivered reliably, fast, and securely—we can do that.” She tapped a panel on a prototype microgrid wall. A pulse of current surged through the system.
“The difference is, I don’t need to file a 200-page docket to try a new routing topology.”
“What FedEx did to the post office,” she added, “we’re about to do to the utilities.”⁴
Her company—VoltFox Energy—had been stuck in regulatory molasses in Massachusetts. In New Hampshire, they built their first pilot in six weeks. A data analytics firm down the road got clean solar-wind hybrid power for its server racks. VoltFox got a real-world testbed with no public hearings, no PUC filings, and no delays.
But theory, as always, was about to collide with hardware.
The trick wasn’t generation. It was everything else: interconnection rules, transformer placement, maintenance protocols. Off-grid meant off-script. It meant breaking the handshake monopoly between regulated utilities and state commissions and replacing it with something faster, messier, and a lot more dangerous.
And the risks weren’t theoretical. Deregulated microgrids had already sparked safety debates over battery fires, unmonitored emissions from diesel backups, and prototype reactors installed without NERC oversight.⁵ Labor groups warned of undertrained operators. Critics feared a patchwork energy future where reliability depended more on risk appetite than engineering standards. And without that trust, the grid’s last monopoly—legitimacy—could erode even faster than its customer base.
Still, the numbers tilted toward speed.
A Cato Institute study showed regulatory delays added one to five years to most grid-related projects.⁶ Each new substation or corridor required environmental review and a Byzantine approval process across overlapping jurisdictions. In Loudoun County, Virginia—“Data Center Alley”—utilities were quoting six-year wait times for new power hookups.