So when Canadians look south and say, “That’s a bit crazy, eh?” the honest answer is: yes, sometimes.
But it is not random craziness. It is old machinery, designed for a young republic of suspicious states, now trying to govern a continental superpower of more than 330 million people.
The machinery still runs. The question is whether it still lets the people steer.
Bibliography
1. U.S. House of Representatives, History, Art & Archives, “The Permanent Apportionment Act of 1929.” 2. U.S. Senate, “Equal State Representation.” 3. Rucho v. Common Cause, 588 U.S. ___ (2019).
2. Alexander v. South Carolina State Conference of the NAACP, 602 U.S. ___ (2024).
3. Louisiana v. Callais, 606 U.S. ___ (2026).
4. National Archives, “Electoral College: About” and “Allocation of Electoral Votes.” 7. Citizens United v. Federal Election Commission, 558 U.S. 310 (2010); Federal Election Commission case summary.
5. James Madison, Federalist No. 10.