Bibliography
1. Associated Press. “Cubans Wonder How They Will Survive Deepening Energy Crisis.” AP News, 2026. First-person reporting describing transportation failures and civilian coping responses to Cuba’s fuel shortages.
2. The Wall Street Journal. “Cuba’s Energy Crisis Deepens as U.S. Tightens Sanctions.” 2026. Reporting detailing U.S. executive order impacts, job furloughs, airline disruptions, and economic strain on Cuban households.
3. U.S. Energy Information Administration. “Cuba Energy Profile.” 2024. Overview of Cuba’s energy dependence on imported fuel and infrastructure limitations.
4. Reuters. “Mexican Oil Shipments to Cuba Currently Halted, President Says.” 2026. Coverage of Mexico’s suspension of oil shipments and geopolitical ripple effects of U.S. sanctions.
5. Reuters. “Cubans Under Siege as Fuel Shortages Disrupt Daily Life.” 2026. On-the-ground interviews documenting transportation shortages, taxi industry disruption, and blackouts affecting charging infrastructure.
6. El País. “Cuba Agonizes Over Fuel Shortages: ‘This Feels Apocalyptic.’” 2026. Spanish-language reporting on institutional responses including university shutdowns and public sentiment.
7. Associated Press. “Cuba Warns Airlines About Fuel Availability as Energy Crisis Deepens.” 2026. Aviation reporting describing refueling limitations and airline service suspensions.
8. United Nations. “Report of the UN Mission to Assess Humanitarian Needs in Iraq.” 1991. Official humanitarian assessment documenting infrastructure destruction and systemic public health risks following war and sanctions.
9. UNICEF. “Iraq Child Mortality and Public Health Conditions Under Sanctions.” 1999. Analysis of child mortality, water infrastructure deterioration, and humanitarian impacts during Iraq sanctions period.